Regular aspirin use can significantly lower the risk of developing pancreatic cancer, according to a new study, offering hope in the fight against one of the deadliest forms of cancer. The research, funded by the Planets cancer charity, suggests that taking aspirin consistently can reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer by 20% in the general population and by 40% among people with diabetes.
The study, conducted by researchers at University Hospital Southampton and Southampton University, analyzed data from nearly 10,000 participants within the UK Biobank—a cohort of 500,000 individuals aged 37 to 73, recruited between 2006 and 2010. The findings, published in the journal Pancreatology, represent a breakthrough in understanding how a common medication might help prevent a cancer that is often difficult to treat.
Dr. Zaed Hamady, a consultant hepatobiliary, pancreatic, and robotic surgeon at University Hospital Southampton, described pancreatic cancer as “one of the worst cancers,” with almost all patients succumbing to the disease within five years of diagnosis. Early-stage detection is critical, as curative surgery offers the best chance for survival. However, most cases are identified too late, making the disease particularly lethal. The five-year survival rate for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common form of pancreatic cancer, remains around 5%.
The study revealed that regular aspirin use over the course of two to five years led to the reduction in cancer risk. This finding aligns with previous research that has highlighted the role of aspirin in reducing the risk of other cancers, such as colorectal cancer. The researchers note that aspirin appears to block enzymes responsible for inflammation, which can otherwise fuel the growth of cancer cells.
“Aspirin’s ability to reduce inflammation is a key mechanism in preventing the development of various cancers,” said a spokesperson for the Planets charity. “This study builds on earlier research and highlights the potential of aspirin as a preventative measure against pancreatic cancer.”
The results are particularly promising for people over 50 who develop new-onset diabetes—a group that is ten times more likely to be diagnosed with pancreatic cancer compared to the general population. Although the exact link between diabetes and pancreatic cancer is not fully understood, both conditions affect the pancreas and involve sugar intolerance.
Dr. Hamady emphasized the significance of the study, particularly for diabetic patients: “While the 20% reduction in risk among the general population is notable, the 40% reduction in people with diabetes is even more striking. Given the high association between diabetes and pancreatic cancer, these findings could be crucial in guiding prevention strategies.”
Pancreatic cancer cases have been on the rise globally, including in the UK, following similar trends seen with other forms of cancer. Aspirin, a medication traditionally associated with reducing heart attack risks, now shows potential in offering a protective effect against this deadly disease.
The Planets charity called the study’s findings “a major step forward” in the fight against a cancer type known for its poor prognosis. While more research is needed to understand the full implications, the results have already generated significant interest in the medical community as a possible low-cost prevention strategy for those at risk.
For individuals considering adding aspirin to their regimen, consulting with a healthcare professional is essential, especially given the potential side effects of long-term aspirin use. However, the promise of this simple pill in reducing the incidence of one of the world’s most challenging cancers offers a glimmer of hope to many.
