The fear of arrest and deportation is pushing some undocumented African migrants in the United Kingdom into extreme living conditions, with reports of people sleeping on the streets and even inside waste bins to avoid detection.
This follows the UK government’s 2025 immigration reforms, known as the “Plan for Change,” which focus on tighter border controls, faster deportations and stricter enforcement against people without legal status.
Since the policy came into effect, many migrants whose asylum claims were rejected or whose visas expired have been living in constant fear.
The Home Office recently confirmed the deportation of 43 people to Nigeria and Ghana on a charter flight. Those removed included failed asylum seekers and foreign nationals who had completed prison sentences. Officials said the action was part of wider efforts to reduce irregular migration and strengthen the immigration system.
As enforcement increases, some undocumented migrants are avoiding shelters, shared housing and even hospitals, fearing these services could expose them to immigration authorities. A video circulating online showed an African man sleeping inside a waste bin on a cold UK street, refusing help from a passerby who urged him to seek shelter.
Members of the Nigerian community say such cases highlight how deep the fear has become. Some migrants have abandoned accommodation and chosen to hide in isolated places to avoid arrest.
However, residents note the problem is complex as homelessness affects both migrants and British citizens alike. While the lack of legal status, unemployment and limited support leave many migrants vulnerable.
While rights groups criticise the government’s approach, officials insist the measures are necessary. For those affected, the choice has become one between visibility and survival.
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